• James Griffin  Wittgenstein’s Logical Atomism, Thoemmes Press (St. Augustine's Press), 1997. (This is a reprint of the 1964 edition published by Oxford University Press)

Studies the central topics of Wittgenstein’s philosophy prior to and within the first parts of the Tractatus, covering such subjects as objects, substance, states of affairs, elementary propositions, pictures, and thoughts. He concludes that analysis is reduction to what is basic not in experience but in reference, and argues that the Tractatus is concerned not with problems of knowledge but with problems of sense.

  • Laurence R. Horn  “Toward a Fregean pragmatics: Voraussetzung, Nebengedanke, Andeutung”, to appear in L. Horn and I. Kecskes (eds.), Explorations in Pragmatics, Mouton, 2006


In his analysis of the semantics of natural language, Frege, especially in “Über Sinn und Bedeutung” (1892) and “Der Gedanke” (1918-19), investigated a variety of aspects of meaning that—in the terminology of modern pragmatic theory—do not constitute part of what is said. While two of the relations assumed by Frege foreshadow the notion of (semantic) presupposition for singular and quantified expressions, a third Fregean relation directly anticipates the Gricean notion of conventional implicature. I shall explore each relation in turn and situate it within Frege’s—and our—understanding of meaning in natural language.